The digestive system of animals is a complex system that allows for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients necessary for their survival. It consists of various organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Each organ plays a specific role in the digestion process.
The digestion process begins in the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with saliva to form a bolus. The bolus then travels down the esophagus through peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions, to reach the stomach for further digestion.
The Anatomy And Physiology Of Animals Digestive System Worksheet
Stomach and Small Intestine
Once in the stomach, the food is mixed with gastric juices and enzymes to break it down further. The partially digested food then moves to the small intestine where the majority of nutrient absorption takes place. The walls of the small intestine are lined with villi and microvilli, which increase the surface area for absorption.
Physiology of Digestion
The process of digestion is controlled by various hormones and enzymes that regulate the breakdown and absorption of nutrients. For example, the hormone gastrin stimulates the release of gastric juices in the stomach, while the enzyme amylase breaks down carbohydrates in the mouth and small intestine.
Large Intestine and Anus
The remaining undigested food particles move to the large intestine where water and electrolytes are absorbed, forming feces. Feces are then eliminated through the anus in a process known as defecation.
Conclusion
Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system in animals is crucial for their overall health and well-being. By completing worksheets that cover these topics, students can deepen their knowledge and comprehension of this important biological process.